Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation therapy that has been studied for years, FDA-approved to treat major depressive disorder (MDD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It is often recommended when other treatments, like antidepressants and therapy, have not worked well.
TMS is a safe, effective way to address depression and OCD for most people with these conditions. The most common side effect is a mild headache, which usually improves after the first week of sessions.
How TMS works
TMS sends focused magnetic pulses into the brain, specifically the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, a region that regulates mood. During treatment, an electromagnetic coil is placed against the scalp that stimulates nerve cells to release neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and dopamine, which improve mood. Depending on the frequency and the client’s needs, these pulses can increase or decrease brain activity.
Although researchers are still learning exactly how TMS works, evidence shows that these changes in brain activity can bring lasting relief for many people living with depression or OCD. A real-world study of NeuroStar® TMS reported that 83% of clients experienced measurable improvement in their depression symptoms, and 62% achieved full remission.¹ For many people, TMS has significantly reduced symptoms and improved quality of life.
Who Is a Candidate for TMS Therapy?
TMS therapy is usually recommended for adults aged 18 and older who are living with depression or OCD that has not improved with medications or counseling alone. The FDA also recently expanded clearance to adolescents who are 15 or older with the same conditions. Difficult-to-treat depression is actually quite common, with one study showing that about one third of people with depression don’t respond well to traditional medications.² People who fall into this category are prime candidates for TMS.
TMS is currently being studied for conditions such as anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, chronic pain, and PTSD, though more research is needed before it becomes an established treatment for these concerns.
Factors to Consider
At New Directions Mental Health, our providers conduct thorough assessments to determine if TMS is both safe and appropriate for each client.
Talk to your doctor and examine all your options if you have:
- Non-removable metal in or near the head: Cochlear implants, deep brain or vagus nerve stimulators, aneurysm clips, or bullet fragments or shrapnel
- History of seizures: The risk of TMS-related seizures is incredibly low, and TMS has been used in clients with epilepsy and traumatic brain injuries, but your provider will determine whether it’s safe for you³
A designated clinician can talk to you about your options and determine whether TMS therapy is the best choice for your situation.
What to Expect from TMS Treatments
TMS is not a one-time treatment. Depending on your provider’s recommendation, a typical TMS treatment plan includes 30-36 sessions lasting between 19 and 37 minutes. Consistency is key. Clients should plan to attend all scheduled sessions, since completing the full treatment course gives the best chance of delivering long-lasting relief from depression.
Here’s how TMS usually works:
- Before treatment: You’ll relax comfortably in the treatment chair while a curved magnetic coil is positioned on your head.
- During treatment: You’ll hear clicking sounds and feel a tapping sensation as the NeuroStar coil targets the area of the brain responsible for depression. Patented Contact Sensing technology ensures the treatment is delivered accurately with every pulse.
- After treatment: With NeuroStar TMS, you remain fully awake and alert throughout the session and can drive home or resume daily activities immediately. There are no negative effects on memory or sleep. Some may feel mild discomfort or a headache, but these usually pass quickly.
- Consistent follow-ups: Providers check on progress, address side effects, and adjust treatment if needed. For many, the benefits of TMS continue even after sessions end, though booster treatments may sometimes be recommended.
Often, TMS is combined with other treatments like antidepressants or therapy to increase effectiveness and support long-term recovery.
Potential Side Effects of TMS
TMS is generally well-tolerated, but like all treatments, it can cause side effects. The most common are mild and temporary:
- Scalp discomfort where the coil is placed
- Headaches
- Light facial twitching during treatment
These effects often lessen as treatment continues and can be managed with over-the-counter medications. Rare but more serious side effects, such as seizures, may occur in people with a history of seizure disorders. This is why thorough screening is essential.
Take the Next Step with TMS at New Directions Mental Health
TMS therapy has opened new doors for people who once felt out of options in their fight against depression and OCD. It offers a safe, effective path forward when other treatments haven’t worked.
New Directions Mental Health is proud to provide NeuroStar TMS, along with therapy and psychiatric medication management, at many of our clinics across Southwest Pennsylvania. Our team is here to guide you through the evaluation process and build a personalized plan for care. Call us today at 724.374.7414 to learn more about TMS or schedule an appointment.
FAQs About TMS
Is TMS safe?
Yes. TMS is FDA-approved and backed by research showing strong results in treating depression and OCD.
What are the side effects of TMS?
The most common side effects are mild headaches or scalp discomfort. Serious side effects, such as seizures, are incredibly rare.
Who is a candidate for TMS?
Adults and adolescents 15 or older with depression or OCD who haven’t improved with medications or therapy may be good candidates for TMS, depending on their health history.
How long does TMS treatment last?
Each session lasts 30–60 minutes, typically five days a week for four to six weeks.
Is TMS covered by insurance?
Many insurance plans cover TMS for depression when other treatments haven’t worked. It’s best to check with your provider for details.
Can TMS be used with other treatments?
Yes. TMS is often combined with medication or therapy to improve results.
Sources:
- Results – NeuroStar TMS. https://neurostar.com/hcp/results/
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1588902/full
- Stultz, D. J., Osburn, S., Burns, T., Pawlowska-Wajswol, S., & Walton, R. (2020). Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Safety with Respect to Seizures: A Literature Review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 16, 2989–3000. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S276635
